Representations of Either Male or Female Characters Essay Example for Free

Representations of Either Male or Female Characters Essay In the films I studied, (A clockwork Orange, From Russia with love, Carry on camping and a Hard days night) women are represented in similar ways but in very different circumstances. Firstly in A Clockwork Orange, women are seen as an objectified sexual obsession to the male gang. In almost every seen of the film women are presented in one way shape or form for example in the bar with the erotic, female shaped tables or the posters of women on the walls in Alex’s room. On the topic Kubrick has previously said â€Å"In the film, women are the ultimate harbingers of sexual desire, and it is only them who can suppress it. This power leaves the male ‘Droogs’ inwardly feeling threatened, which in part leads to cowardly rape.† I feel this quote explains the representation of females in the film perfectly as Alex, a man who feels he has great power over the rest of society, is surrounded by women and is always met with his sexual desire for them; Although the idea of sex in A Clockwork Orange is not an expression of love or intimacy, but rather an exhibition of power and violence. In this case Alex feels that to remain ‘powerful’ over everyone else he needs to use women as a object to satisfy his growing needs for power. In From Russia with Love, women are again seen as a object and are infamously named ‘the Bond Girls’ showing how in the larger scale there roles are minor compared to the ‘amazing’ Mr Bond. The opening title to the film shows barely clothed belly dancers dancing and parading there bodies to the Bond theme tune, showing how there bodies are more important then the woman herself. Throughout the film it is apparent that women are only good for a number of tasks: giving massages to the male characters, belly dancing and for casual sex and even then its when the man wants and not the woman. Despite this, in the film the female lead Tatiana played by Daniela Bianchi, shows womans slowly growing power and independence, for example Tatiana smoking representing the freedom that she perhaps now felt, although she is sitting down and Bond is standing over her, clearly in a position of more power. It is felt that the woman in the film are constantly being overlooked by men for example Tatiana killing the villain, which in normal circumstances would make her the ‘hero’ in the film, but this is undermined by the way Bond immediately takes the gun off her, as though it does not belong with her or she is not safe with it. In the film A Hard Days Night whenever the The Beatles perform, the members of the band are all distinguished as four individual, male characters. This massively contrasts with the role of women in the film, as there have been no main female characters; women are either portrayed as screaming, uncontrollable girls or again as sex objects. The idea behind this shows that women have no individuality in the film and are really only there to worship, flirt or to sexually satisfy the boys in the band. Finally the idea of women being perceived as objects is again mirrored in the final film Carry On camping, where the women are seen as objects for the men to flirt with and pursue in a sexual manner. Although Carry on camping differs from the previous films as there are several female characters which are seen to have hierarchy over certain male characters. For example the character Harriet Potter had the power in the relationship and often bossed her husband around in a comical manner. Overall in all the films it is obvious that women are often being represented as objects to satisfy mens needs and dont serve a real purpose in any of the films and if they do it is only in a comical manner to retrieve laughter from the audience.

Freedom Of Expression :: essays research papers

COSHE.COM : uncategorized : freedom of expression on the internet freedom of expression on the internet First and foremost, in the United States the freedom of expression is guaranteed in the first Article of Amendment to the American Constitution. It states, "Con Click Here to Search COSHE's Database Again freedom of expression on the internet First and foremost, in the United States the freedom of expression is guaranteed in the first Article of Amendment to the American Constitution. It states, "Congress shall make no law...abridging the freedom of speech, or the press..." This is significant beyond its mere primacy in the U.S. Bill of Rights. It does not establish the freedom of expression, but rather, in recognizing its existence, guarantees it. Freedom of expression has been a part of the American way since long before the American Revolution. Alexis de Toqueville, on touring the United States over 150 years ago recognized this, writing in _Democracy in America, "The Anglo-Americans have enjoyed this liberty ever since the foundation of the Colonies..." Americans have always felt free to express their opinion. By guaranteeing both freedoms of speech and press, the American Constitution recognizes both personal and broadcast expression, clearly embracing the advancements and proliferation of communications technology. Unfortunately People leave tracks as they move through electronic networks. Whenever we do business, electronically or otherwise, the other party knows something about our preferences and activities. But when we use the new electronic vending machines and digital cash, the merchants with whom we deal can keep a detailed record that reveals much more, in aggregate,about our activities. Store and forward messaging systems can continue to store after they forward. As we all conduct more and more of our lives on the networks. It is the freedom of expression itself that moderates the impact of radical different opinions. The only fear of Internet freedom is its lack of use by the holders of contrary, yet more mainstream opinions. As the electronic frontier matures, there will be co ntinual conflicts between those who want free access to information and those who want to participate in the networks without automatically giving up all rights to control the flow of the resulting transactional data. Before we treat these conflicts as appropriate matters for a new type of "property" law, however, we should remember that almost everyone will be on both sides of any new "fence." If we approach

Development Of Emotional Or Psycholgical Problems In Children

Psychologists, for a long time, have always faced the problem of how various emotional and psychological factors surface and developing human beings. In order to solve this problem, these psychologists have traced the various ailments and causes backwards towards childhood times. As a result, modern psychology, biology, and therapists have looked towards childhood markers which eventually dictate psychological and emotional well-being of children.However, the problem remains that tracking emotional and psychological problems that eventually surface in adults could and even in early childhood could not essentially be associated only to a single factor, but rather many other variables. In fact, recent research has continuously found many root causes and markers for predicting emotional and psychological problems in adults and especially in children. One such cause and root for emotional and psychological problems could be related to biology and genetics.As researchers have discovered, various genetic markers may be able to associate themselves with the root causes of abnormal emotional and psychological behavior. In fact, the role that genetics plays in emotion study and psychology has goes so far as to develop a whole new discipline of biological psychology which focuses on genetic factors that eventually result in the disabling or magnification of neural factors.Specifically in children, these genetic factors may affect psychology through language, pathology, learning and memory, cognition, and even over all consciousness. For example, although a society found in children has been traditionally associated environmental experiences and causes, psychologists have for a long time wondered why some kinds of anxiety disorders found in children come up so early as that social factors and cultural norms could not have played an essential role in its development.Towards this research, psychologists have discovered that there are genetic markers that could be passed fro m parent to offspring that directly result in nonnormal anxiety behavior. Also directly to the study of genetics is the association of other biological factors which contribution to emotional and psychological states of children. Genetics, by definition, has to do with the genes of an individual. However, imbalances in organs and biological factors and functions within the human body have also caused such psychological problems to surface in children.For example, occurrences of cerebral palsy in children — an abnormal biological condition that significantly affects emotional and psychological well-being of adults and children alike — could be associated to biological functions and biological causes. However, this research and field of connecting biological relationship to a motion and psychology of children is still in the research stage of scientific development is more and more psychologists are connecting their disciplines in euro signs.Mostly, at least, these biolo gists and psychologists have associated emotional and psychological issues of children to euro and brain activity which only reflects that our emotions and psychological state — even as children — could not only be associated to the environment. However, among all these disciplines, instructions, and research, a large part of the development of emotional and psychological problems in children could be associated to the environment.In fact, statistically, bringing together the research of emotional and psychological problems in children, environmental factors pose the most significant statistical and relevant cause for such behavior. Listing them all down and discussing them would fill volumes and volumes of work and relevant research has been made that connects recent environmental and social concerns that have not even been traditionally associated with emotional or psychological effects to children.For example, just one area of child psychology focuses on the family environment and how it significantly affects and causes many of the problems that surfaced early in childhood that contribution greatly to emotional or psychological health. Also, another childhood years, your pressure and social consciousness — specifically in the academic setting and age groups — has been a constant focus of child psychology research because of the significant effects that are contributed by such social pressure and social environment to the way children think and react especially to given situations.The development of emotional and psychological problems in children, therefore, could either be individual factors in genetics, biology, or environmental factors, work could also be in fact a mix of these three interrelated causal variables. Recent psychological research, again focusing on child psychology, or integrating these three disciplines through the use of open sharing of academic information, to understand the development of emotional or psychol ogical problems in children and they said the research is well underway in the identification of still new variables and factors to problems with regard to child mental health.

Filipino Biologist Angel Alcala and Artifical Coral Reefs

Angel Alcal has more than thirty years of experience in tropical marine resource conservationa. Angel Alcala is considered a world class authority in ecology and biogeography of amphibians and reptiles, and is behind the invention of artifical coral reefs to be used for fisheries in Southeast Asia. Angel Alcala is the Director of the Angelo King Center for Research and Environmental Management. Angel Alcala - Degrees: Undergraduate degree Silliman UniversityPh.D. Stanford University Angel Alcala - Awards: 1994 - The Field Museum Founders Council Award of Merit for contributions to environmental biologyMagsaysay Award for Public ServicePew Fellowship in Marine Conservation Work with Philippine Amphibians Reptiles: Angel Alcala has done the most comprehensive studies on Philippine amphibians and reptiles, and minor studies on birds and mammals. His research done between 1954 to 1999 lead to the addition of fifty new species of amphibians and reptiles.

Analysis Of Maus By Art Spiegelman - 1257 Words

When you experience a significant event firsthand, you learn how to deal with it so the next time you encounter a similar event, you are prepared for the situation. Vladek Spiegelman, the main character from the graphic novel, Maus, by Art Spiegelman which details a father-son interview of Vladek who survived World War ll is a perfect example of this. Vladek was ambitious and caring before the Holocaust and was enjoying life with his wife Anja, and son Richieu. However, after being held in Auschwitz and experiencing these terrible events firsthand, the Holocaust took its toll on Vladek and instead of being caring and clever, he is now frugal and very depressed. Before the war had begun, Vladek was very invested in the people in his life.†¦show more content†¦Even from this short quote, we can see that Vladek knew he had no other way to travel without being caught so he figured out how to sneak through, by hiding in plain sight. Vladek is shown speaking to Poles pretending to be one of them and even sitting in official Nazi cars. I believe this shows Vladeks true intelligence as he was able to survive and hide when most were not as fortunate. Another piece of evidence that supports this claim is when Vladek was involved in a food smuggling business. As his job was to sneaks supplies to and from shops he always carried a little bit at a time to not be caught. One time, however, Vladek was supposed to carry a large sack of sugar and as he is bringing it he gets stopped by Nazi police. Instead of coming forward and being caught, Vladek quickly lies and â€Å"made so they would think is legal† (Spiegelman 87). Vladeks quick-think ing in this situation saved him from being taken to Auschwitz very early in the war which therefore most likely saved his life. The small events where Vladek swiftly avoids capture and death show his skillful nimbleness and true intellect. After the War, Vladek lived alone with his wife until she committed suicide, plagued by the traumatic events that she had to endure. Vladek, feeling abandoned, quickly remarried which leads to a lousy marriage and toxic environment to live in for him and his second wife, Mala. During one significant interview, VladekShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Maus By Art Spiegelman1175 Words   |  5 Pages This report is based on the best-selling graphic novel Maus, written by renowned American cartoonist Art Spiegelman. The book was originally published in 1986 by Pantheon Books. The anomalous novel depicts the life and story of Art Speigelman’s Polish born parents - Vladek and Anja Speigelman and how they survived the Holocaust. In his novel, the Jews are portrayed as mice, the Poles as pigs, and Germans as cats. The story alternates between the parents’ struggles and the present day strainedRead MoreAnalysis Of Maus By Art Spiegelman1100 Words   |  5 PagesThe devastating e ra of the Holocaust will always be remembered from the scars it left behind. The series Maus, written by Art Spiegelman, puts the Holocaust in a different perspective for readers. Vladek Spiegelman, a survivor of the Holocaust told the journey of his survival to his son, Art Spiegelman. Initially, I assumed this graphic novel would be about the racism, torture, and injustice the Jewish faced during the Holocaust by the Germans, but the book was more than that. Reading these booksRead MoreAnalysis Of `` Maus `` By Art Spiegelman1245 Words   |  5 Pagestreasure the most precious gift I have - life itself.† (Anderson, 2015). The graphic novel, Maus, by Art Spiegelman conveys a message similar to that of Fitzgerald’s Babylon Revisited. If a man has hope and perseverance he can realize and truly appreciate a second chance. The protagonist in each novel is a man who has faced great diversity, Charlie in Babylon Revisited does so by his own accord while Vladek, in Maus, hid from the Nazi’s in Poland during World War II. Charlie made a lot of money in theRead MoreAnalysis Of `` Maus `` By Art Spiegelman1945 Words   |  8 Pagesfeeling to capture. The graphic novel Maus, written and drawn by Art Spiegelman, illustrates himself trying to relate with his father, Vladek, by having him recount his story as a Holocaust survivor. The novel deals with Artie’s struggle to understand the Holocaust and his father’s situation as best as he can without having lived through it; he wishes he could have known what his father went through and could comprehend his situation. The postmodern story of Maus uses the drawings of his charactersRead MoreAnalysis of The Complete Maus, by Art Spiegelman1101 Words   |  5 PagesWhen reading a traditional book, it is up to the reader to imagine the faces and landscapes that are described within. A well written story will describe the images clearly so that you can easily picture the details. In Art Spiegelman’s The Complete Maus, the use of the animals in place of the humans offers a rather comical view in its simplistic relation to the subject and at the same time develops a cryptic mood within the story. His drawings of living conditions in Auschwitz; expressions on theRead MoreAnalysis Of The Complete Maus By Art Spiegelman1454 Words   |  6 PagesThe comic book memoir The Complete Maus, written by Art Spiegelman and narrated by both Spiegelman father and son, is a unique novel because it is the first of its kind. The novel received a decent amount of varying reactions from the public but was recognized and rewarded the Pulitzer Prize in 1992 for the originality of the book. A comic strip genre mixed with the memoir of the holocaust, from Art’s father’s first-hand experience, throws a whole different wave of em otions and feelings about theRead MoreAnalysis Of Maus : A Survivors Tale By Art Spiegelman1071 Words   |  5 PagesThe graphic novel Maus: A Survivor’s Tale by Art Spiegelman (1994) is about Spiegelman’s interpretation of his father’s stories about surviving the Holocaust. The story starts with the Spiegelman’s family current life in New York. The father Vladek, a Polish-Jewish man is unhappy with his marriage to his second wife Mala after his first wife Anja committed suicide. Vladek starts the story in Nazi-occupied Poland in the year of 1939, speaking about his experience of being a solider that was capturedRead MoreMaus Elements956 Words   |  4 PagesArt Spiegelman’s Maus is a famous, Pulitzer Prize winning tale about the journey of a Jewish Holocaust survivor. Despite the amount of similar storylines, Spiegelman’s creativity with the normal elements of comics has won him high praise. This analysis will focus on Spiegelmanâ€℠¢s unique twist on icons, layouts, diegesis, abstraction, and encapsulation as displayed by Maus. Icons are pictures that are used to embody a person, place, thing, or idea. McCloud hammers this concept home by drawingRead MoreMaus1385 Words   |  6 PagesAnalysis of Maus I and II by Art Spiegelman Maus, by Art Spiegelman, shows the trials and tribulations that the main character, Vladek, and his companions suffered during the Holocaust. No matter the situation, Vladek rises up to the challenge, and does the only thing he can do: live. For the Jewish people during that time surviving was a challenge and for those that actually survived was pure luck. Throughout Maus we find this survival in the portrayal of Vladek Spiegelman; father of the authorRead MoreRider Haggard And Maus By Art Spiegelman2131 Words   |  9 PagesIdentifying what exactly constitutes a primary source can be complex, especially in the case of books since they tend to be told from secondary point of view, nonetheless, books can also be used as primary sources. Both She by H. Rider Haggard and Maus by Art Spiegelman would not ideally be considered as primary sources because the two mix fantasy and the reality, but they can be addressed as such to help explain and understand the events of the past in the era s they were written in. While they cannot be

Book Review of Mirror, Mirror Essay - 1960 Words

BOOK REVIEW OF MIRROR MIRROR IDENTITY, RACE AND PROTEST IN JAMAICA by Rex Nettleford Taneisha Malcolm April 1, 2013 TABLE OF CONTENT Title Page ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page3 Introduction --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 4 Summary of Content ---------------------------------------------------------------------- page 6 Conclusion --------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 10 Reference ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------- page 11 TITLE PAGE Title of Book: Mirror Mirror Identity, Race and Protest in†¦show more content†¦The country’s motto, ‘Out of many one people’ was referred to multiple times in the new introduction reflecting a multiracial nationalist ethic. This was purported by many of the upper educated class and even the mostly uneducated, black lower class. However, there were a few such as Pro. Nettleford, who saw the motto as an aspiration rather than reality. Thus affirming this inharmonious state of half black, half white, serving to keep the nation in a constant state of schizophrenia. For Pro. Nettleford, Jamaican and Caribbean nationalisms all fall victim to this fragmented sense of self because for the most part the newly independent Caribbean countries have all bought into a hybrid, creolized model that validates the assimilation into a Euro-Creolized New World heritage and away from the historical precursor of slavery and Africa. The mimicry of European cultural values is therefore a day-to-day reality for postcolonial citizenship. In revisiting Mirror Mirror, Professor Nettleford presented a current perspective on the ever prevalent issues of Identity, Race and Protest in Jamaica. It was his hope that its content would compel Jamaicans of all hues to realise that social and racial cohesion is an absolute for national survival and development. MirrorShow MoreRelatedSymbolism In Mirror Mirror1517 Words   |  7 PagesDirector Tarsem Singh decided in 2012 to put a fresh enjoyable twist on Walt Disney’s animated classic by producing the film, Mirror Mirror. The center of attention shifted from the distinct personalities of the seven dwarfs to the outshining temperament of the haughty, over-the-top Evil Queen played by Julia Roberts. The Evil Queen in this film does not seem so vile but rather more of an excessively excited cougar desperately attempting to get the attention of the handsome young Prince to win hisRead MoreThe Arnolfini Wedding Portrait: Interpretations856 Words   |  4 Pageshistory method ologies. In this paper I will provide a brief survey of the leading interpretations and methods that have been applied to the Arnolfini Portrait. One cannot review the analysis and historiography of the Arnolfini Portrait without encountering some sort of rehearsal of Erwin Panofsky’s reading of the work in his book Early Netherlandish Painting. Panofsky’s reading of the painting marked the beginning of allegorical interpretation for the work and became the launching point from whichRead MoreThe Dentist Uses Wax Rims / Occlusal Registration1358 Words   |  6 Pagesleft; disinfect wax rims according manufacturer instruction; helping with updating lab ticket (if required); packing models in sealable plastic bag surrounded with bubble wrap; making note of patient name and expected returned date from lab in log book; sending work off to the lab (if required) Lab stage: technician will mount models on the articulator (mechanism that simulating jaw movements) and use wax rims as a base to start with denture. Wax is carved with a hot wax knife and Le Cron carverRead MoreSymbolism Of Ray Bradbury s Fahrenheit 451868 Words   |  4 Pagesis defeating to any creative act †¦ During a lifetime, one saves up information which collects itself around centers in the mind; these automatically become symbols on a subliminal level and need only be summoned in the heat of writing.† (The Paris Review). Bradbury’s may not have consciously placed symbolism in Fahrenheit 451, but his use of symbolism throughout the story allows the reader to relate back to their most basic instincts, all while seeing a deeper meaning to what they are really lookingRead MoreComparing the Ways in Which a Tabloid Newspaper and a Broadsheet Newspaper Treat the Same News Story976 Words   |  4 Pagesannounced in national newspapers on the Friday 22nd of February 2002. In my essay I am going to compare the story of John Thaws death from two newspapers. These newspapers are the Mirror, which is a tabloid and the Times which is a broadsheet. Tabloid newspapers include the Sun, Star, and Mirror. Broadsheet newspapers include the Gaurdian, Times, and the Daily Telegraph. The differences between a broadsheet and a tabloid are the size, a tabloid newspaper is half the sizeRead MoreRagtime by E.L. Doctorow1502 Words   |  6 Pagesof Ragtime that critic Brian Roberts has called the â€Å"central metaphor† of the novel. When put together with the cohesive historical narrative within the novel, the discussion reveals the ways in which Doctorow uses Ragtime to perform a work that mirrors the ups and downs of the classic ragtime style of music. Doctorow does this through the introduction of a distinctive way of reading history which is vitally deconstructive and politically charged. When a curious soul looks for critical material availableRead MoreAnalysis Of Shakespeare s Hamlet 844 Words   |  4 PagesWhen ever a director basis their movie on a book or play they always put their own spin on the original piece. When Kenneth Branagh and Gregory Doran both made films on Hamlet the presentation of the movies were different. All directors have a style to the way they film; Branagh and Doran both have different filming styles that portray Hamlet in a different light. In Branagh version of Hamlet he places the movie in Denmark and has Hamlet being the prince of Denmark just like the play does. AdverselyRead MoreCan Art Change the Way We View the World1554 Words   |  7 Pages but in fact they are quite complex pieces depicting animals, humans and symbols. Additionally, drawings similar to maps, as well as carvings, portable art and elaborately decorated animal skulls have been found in caves all over the world. In the book The Mind in the Cave: Consciousness and the Origins of Art by David Lewis-Williams, the author describes these items stating â€Å"many of these pieces bear images of animal, fish, birds and, less commonly, what appear to be human figures as well as complexRead MoreAnalysis Christina Aguileras Beautiful Essay1367 Words   |  6 Pagesindividuals, such as a young girl looking in her bedroom mirror and a young boy lifting weights with the walls covered with pictures of bodybuilders around the room. The cultural codes showing through these characters are the struggles with anorexia as well as with body image. The young girl is shown to be anorexic and unhealthy because of the exposed ribs being shown and the worn out, pasty complexion on her face. As she examines herself in the mirror she views herself from different angles, showing herRead MoreMedical Surgical Nursing : Assessment And Management Of Clinical Problem By Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, And Bucher920 Words   |  4 PagesThe textbook or printed instruction I chose to review is an undergraduate nursing textbook. I chose this type of book because I am most familiar with the subject and have read and studied from several different publishers while obtaining my nursing degree. The textbook is Medical-Surgical Nursing: Assessment and Management of Clinical Problem by Lewis, Dirksen, Heitkemper, and Bucher (2014). I found this book on amazon.com and am able to preview several pages. This textbook focuses on medical-surgical

STD booklet Free Essays

Which of the following is NOT true of the success of interest groups? A. The more intense a group, the more successful it tends to be b. The more financial resources a group has, the more successful it tends to be c. We will write a custom essay sample on STD booklet or any similar topic only for you Order Now The more potential members a group has, the more successful it tends to be d. The smaller a group is, the more successful it tends to be e. The larger a group is, the more successful it tends to be 4. Which of the following is an example off single Issue Interest group? A. NEAR b. NAACP c. FALL-CIO d. UCLA e. National Wildlife Federation 5. An interest group is most likely to have influence in Congress when the issue at take a. S narrow in scope and low in public visibility b. C. D. E. 6. Is part of the president’s legislative package has been traumatized by the media engages legislators’ deeply held convictions divides legislators along party lines Which of the following Is not a tactic that Interests groups use? A. Lobbying to Influence policy b. Forming Pace to influence elections 7. A. Litigating to influence policy through the courts appealing to the public to promote a positive group image Which of the following is true of mimics curiae briefs? They are used by i nterest groups to lobby courts They are used exclusively by liberal interest groups They are used exclusively by conservative interest groups d. They are now unconstitutional e. They are the means by which a litigant seeks Supreme Court review off lower court decision 8. Which of the following factors best accounts for the rise of interest groups and the decline of political parties in recent years? A. National parties have become too closely identified with controversial issues. B. Court decisions have restricted the political parties’ abilities to recruit new members. C. It is less expensive to Join an interest group than to Join a political party. D. Interest groups have been more successful in avoiding negative press coverage than have political parties. E. Interest groups are better able to articulate specific policy positions than are political parties. 9. . Which type of interest group would the NAACP be? Economic civil rights . Single-issue governmental environmental 10. An interest group would likely have the greatest influence on policy matters involving a. Narrow issues, only a few interest groups, and technical information b. Broad, highly visible national issues c. Broad foreign policy issues d. Major constitutional questions about civil rights and liberties . Areas in which members of Congress have considerable expertise and commitment 1. Interest groups seek to influence political processes in ways that benefit their members. In doing so, however, they may not act in the overall public interest. (a) Describe two techniques interest groups use to influence elections. (b) Explain how interest groups use each of the foll owing to influence government decision making. Mimics curiae briefs Issue networks (also known as iron triangles) (c) Explain how each of the following serves to limit interest group influence. The media Pluralism 2. Individuals often form groups in order to promote their interests. The Constitution contains several provisions that protect the rights of individuals who try to promote their interests in a representative democracy. (a) Explain two provisions in the Bill of Rights that protect individuals who try to influence politics. Interest groups engage in a variety of activities to affect public policy. Explain how each of the following is policy. Government institutions used by interest groups to exert influence over Grassroots manipulation Litigation Lobbying of (c) Describe one specific federal governmental regulation of interest groups. How to cite STD booklet, Papers